to maltreat

* * *

mulco (‡ mulcto, Inscr. Grut. 155, 1), āvi, ātum, 1 (mulcassitis, for mulcaveritis, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 8), v. a. [Sanscr. root marc, take hold of; of. Gr. marptô, perh. morphê], to beat, cudgel; to maltreat, handle roughly, injure (class.; syn.: verbero, tundo, pulso).

Lit.:

ipsum dominum atque omnem famibam Mulcavit usque ad mortem,

Ter. Ad 1, 2, 9; Petr. S. 134:

aliquem,

to illtreat, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 23:

male mulcati clavis ac fustibus repelluntur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

mulcato corpore,

with bodies bruised, Tac. A. 1, 70:

prostratos verberibus,

id. ib. 32.—Of inanimate things:

naves,

to injure, damage, Liv. 28, 30, 12.—

Trop.:

scriptores illos male mulcatos, exisse cum Galbā,

Cic. Brut. 22, 88 (but in Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 8, mulcaverim is undoubtedly corrupt, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).

mulco (‡ mulcto, Inscr. Grut. 155, 1), āvi, ātum, 1 (mulcassitis, for mulcaveritis, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 8), v. a. [Sanscr. root marc, take hold of; of. Gr. marptô, perh. morphê], to beat, cudgel; to maltreat, handle roughly, injure (class.; syn.: verbero, tundo, pulso).

Lit.:

ipsum dominum atque omnem famibam Mulcavit usque ad mortem,

Ter. Ad 1, 2, 9; Petr. S. 134:

aliquem,

to illtreat, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 23:

male mulcati clavis ac fustibus repelluntur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

mulcato corpore,

with bodies bruised, Tac. A. 1, 70:

prostratos verberibus,

id. ib. 32.—Of inanimate things:

naves,

to injure, damage, Liv. 28, 30, 12.—

Trop.:

scriptores illos male mulcatos, exisse cum Galbā,

Cic. Brut. 22, 88 (but in Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 8, mulcaverim is undoubtedly corrupt, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).

prō-tĕro, trīvi, trītum, 3, v. a.

To drive forth, drive away:

ver proterit aestas Interitura,

i. e. supplants, Hor. C. 4, 7, 9.—

To tread under foot, trample down, wear away, crush, bruise (class.; syn. proculco).

Lit.:

aliquem pedibus,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 13:

homines elephantis proterendos substravit,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 14:

januam limā,

i. e. to destroy, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 9:

equitatus aversos proterere incipit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

agmina curru,

Verg. A. 12, 330:

florentia arva,

Ov. M. 2, 791:

adversum rota proterit agmen,

Sil. 2, 175:

ulmus labens proterit uvas,

Stat. Th. 8, 747:

seges torrefacta proteritur,

Col. 2, 21, 3.—

Transf., in gen., to overthrow, beat, crush, defeat, destroy:

Marte Poenos,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 34:

protrita hostium acies,

Tac. H. 2, 26:

aliquem proterere et conculcare,

to maltreat, abuse, trample upon, Cic. Fl. 2, 22, 53; cf.:

pati urbem proteri atque conculcari,

Auct. Her. 4, 53, 66:

ruinā suā proteri,

Vell. 2, 91, 4:

umbram,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25:

omnia ferro,

Just. 24, 4, 6:

barbaram plebem,

Amm. 15, 4, 12. —Hence, prōtrītus, a, um, P.a., worn out (by rubbing); hence, of words, of frequent use, common, trite, vulgar (post-class.):

verba,

Gell. 5, 21, 4; 12, 2, 1; 18, 4, 6.

vexo ( inf. vexarier, Verg. Cir. 480), āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [veho], orig., to shake, jolt, toss in carrying; hence, in gen., to move violently, to shake, agitate.

Lit. (rare; syn. quatio): vexasse grave verbum est, factumque ab eo videtur, quod est vehere;

in quo inest jam vis quaedam alieni arbitrii. Non enim sui potens est, qui vehitur. Vexare autem, quod ex eo inclinatum est, vi atque motu procul dubio vastiore est. Nam qui fertur et raptatur atque huc atque illuc distrahitur, is vexari proprie dicitur, etc.,

Gell. 2, 6, 5:

(rector) per confragosa vexabitur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 41, 68:

navigia in summum veniant vexata periclum,

Lucr. 6, 430:

Dulichias vexasse rates,

Verg. E. 6, 76:

classis vexata est tempestate,

Vell. 2, 79, 4:

(venti vis) montes supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,

Lucr. 1, 275:

venti caeli nubila vexant,

Ov. M. 11, 435:

in turbā vexatus,

tossed back and forth, Suet. Aug. 53 fin.:

ruina cum clade vexatarum regionum (of an earthquake),

Just. 17, 1, 3. —

Transf., in gen., to injure, damage, molest, annoy, distress, plague, trouble, maltreat, abuse, vex, harass, disquiet, disturb, torment, etc. (syn.: ango, crucio, vasto, the predom. signif. of the word).

Physically: cum Hannibal terram Italiam laceraret atque vexaret, Cato ap. Gell. 2, 6, 7:

agros vectigales vexatos et exinanitos a Verre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 122:

Siciliam,

id. ib. 1, 4, 12;

2, 3, 54, § 125: omnem Galliam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

agros,

id. ib. 4, 15 fin.:

urbes,

Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 29:

rem publicam,

id. ib. 1, 10, 27:

Amanienses hostes sempiternos,

id. Fam. 2, 10, 3:

hostes,

Caes. B. G. 6, 43; Hirt. B. G. 8, 31 al.:

vexati omnes difficultate viae,

Liv. 40, 22, 6; 42, 55, 3:

vexato exercitu descendit,

id. 36, 30, 6:

quos et ipsos... locorum asperitas hostiliter vexavit,

id. 43, 5, 10; Nep. Eum. 5, 2:

quem (stomachum) umor vexat,

Plin. 20, 8, 32, § 76:

fauces (tussis),

Mart. 11, 86, 1:

vites frigore,

Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 217:

dentes percussu,

id. 28, 11, 49, § 180:

vestem solo,

to rumple, disorder, Petr. 128:

rosas,

to crush, Mart. 11, 89, 2:

comas,

to twist, frizzle, Ov. Am. 1, 14, 24.—In mal. part.:

maritum,

Mart. 8, 46, 7; 11, 81, 1; Petr. 139; Aus. Epigr. 108.—

In the part. perf. subst.: vexāta, ōrum, n., injured parts of the body, hurts, injuries, Cels. 7 praef. fin.; ib. 1; Plin. 8, 27, 41, § 97; Scrib. Comp. 101.—

Mentally:

aliquem probris maledictisque,

Cic. Fl. 20, 48:

(Quinctius) multis vexatus contumeliis,

id. Quint. 31, 98:

aliquem honestissimis contentionibus,

id. Phil. 3, 9, 23:

aliquem iis verbis, ut, etc.,

id. Sest. 28, 60:

vexatur Theophrastus et libris et scholis omnium philosophorum,

is attacked, id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25:

sollicitudo vexat impios,

disquiets, torments, id. Leg. 1, 14, 40; cf.:

ita conscientia mentem excitam vexabat,

Sall. C. 15, 4:

me honoris cupido vexabat,

id. ib. 3, 5:

mentem mariti philtris,

Juv. 6, 611.